tobacco leaves，spices，leather
usually ruby, medium-full body, medium tannins and acidity, red fruit (strawberry), soft spice, 檀香, nail polish remover
oak aging: coconut, savoury animal and vegetal flavours (meat, leather, mushroom) particularly in Gran Reserva wines
• hot growing conditions: wine with less intensity, complexity
• 西班牙著名品種，口感深厚濃郁的勁道，尾韻帶舊家俱味道。
• American oak commonly used with coconut, vanilla balanced with concentrated fruity flavours
• often blended with Grenache in Rioja; blended with Bordeaux varieties in Navarra
• called Tinta Roriz in Portugal, often used for Port; dry red becomes trendy lately
• 加州Merlot或用美國桶的CS, Merlot, Shiraz, Malbec果香較多但仍容易混肴